Combustion-regulating attachment.



No. 747,440. PATENTED DEC. 22, 1903* J. M. W. KITCHEN. COMBUSTIONREGULATING ATTACHMENT.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. i8, 19011 l0 IODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. INVENTOR v izf wf (Z ms ATTORNEYS m: Morn-us PETERS so. waTo-uwq.WASHINGTON, n. c.

No. 747,440. 'PATENTED 1150.22,- 1-90s., J. M. w. KITCHEN; 1

COMBUSTION REGULATING ATTAGHMENT.

APPLICATION FILED no. 18, 1901. v 4

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i BM 10 MODEL.

V Fay/7 Jose Qb/IZAZW 'ms ATTORNEYS .UNITED STAT S PatentedDecember 22,1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

COMBUSTION-REGULATING ATTACHMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 747,440, dated December2, 1903.

Application filed December 18, I901. Serial No. 86,366: (No model.) i

To all whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, JOSEPH M. W. KITCHEN, acitizen of the United States, residing in East Orange, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combustion-Regulating Attachments, of which thefollowing is is a specification. V

My invention relates to heating and power-, producing apparatus, and isan attachment applicable to such apparatus and which pro vides for the'regulationof the combustion process.

I will describe a device embodying my invention, together with severalmodifications thereof, and show-its application to several forms ofheating apparatus and thenpoiut out the novel features thereof in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in side elevation of adevice embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal interiorview of the device shown in Fig. l with the addition of an air-distributer, which is also in vertical longitudinal section and which mayconveniently be used in connection therewith. Fig. 3 is a verticallongitudinal interior view of a modified form of device having appliedthereto a reservoir which is in vertical section. Fig. 4 is a transversesectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2 and drawn to a largerscale than Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal interior viewshowing another modified form of device. Fig. 6 is a verticallongitudinal interior view of another modified form of device. Fig. 7 isaview in elevation of a heating apparatus having applied to it the formof device shown in Fig. 3, but without the same form of reservoir. Fig.8 is a View in elevation of a heating apparatus having applied to it theform ofdeviceshown in Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a view in elevation and partlyin vertical transverse section of a heating apparatus having applied toit the form of device shown in Fig. l and the air-distributor shown inFig. 2. Fig. 10 is another form of a heating apparatus having applied toit the form of device shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 11 is a view, partly invertical section, of another form of .heating apparatus having appliedto it a form of device similar to, that shown in Fig.

12 is a view of-a heating apparatus having applied to it another form ofdevice, which latter is shown partly in vertical section.

Similar letters of reference designate corre sponding parts.

My device may be manufactured by casting. Some parts may be castintegral, while other parts are separately cast and then placedinposition relatively to other parts.

My device resembles a T-coupling, in that it has three branches.

In the drawings the device as an entirety is designated by the referencecharacter T. In practice the device is generally introduced in asmoke-flue B of a heating apparatus A and as close to the upper levelsof the combustion-chamber of the heating apparatus as possible. This isdone to get as quick and free introduction of air for combustion intothe higher parts of the combustion-chamber as is possible. The devicehas a passage for air for combustion and a separate passage for theproducts of combustion leaving the coinbustion-chamber.

The T comprises a casing made in a plurality of sections. Forconvenience I make the casing in two sections. The casing is of thesubstantially bulbous form and is compressed at right angles to the flowof the products of combustion, as is shown in the accompan-yingdrawings, in order to secure economy of material in the constructionofthe casing and to secure larger space internally andto facilitate asmooth and quick flow of gases through it by avoiding angles and bypreventing sudden expansion of gases therein due to irregularity ofform. Each section is provided with lugsf, and bolts f (see Fig. 4) arepassed through opposing lugs on adjacent sections. Instead of boltsrivets maybe used. Integral with each section are projections or ridgesb which serve as stops to prevent dampers comprised in the devicebeingturned in undesired directions and to prevent leakage of gas aboutthe periphery of thedampers. Also integral with each section areprojections OZ of such shape that when two such projections abut, asshown in Fig. 4, a

.part'ition-wall will be formed, which closes the lower part of thepassage in which they are formed. The purpose of this partitionwall isto prevent downdrafts passing the damper toward the combustion-chamberand also to keep apart the air for combustion and the products ofcombustion and to prevent the air for combustion flowing toward thechimney. The stops 1) and partitions d will be adjacent the damperscomprised in the device. Also integral with each section is a projectionof considerable length, which is so arranged as to separate or dividethe space of its section into two parts. When two such projections abut,a partition-diaphragm 01 is formed which divides the interior space ofthe easing into two parts to form two separate passages, one for air forcombustion and the other for products of combustion. In some forms ofthe device (see Figs. 5, 6, and 11) the partition-diaphragm d aloneelfects the division to form the two passages, while in the form shownin Fig. 3 the partition-wall (1 assists in the division. Thepartition-diaphragm d is preferably of such length as to project throughthe exit-opening a of the heating apparatus for the products ofcombustion. In case in the disposition of the device in the smoke-fluethe partition-diaphragm d is not sufficiently long for this purpose anextension (1 (see Figs. 3 and 6,) having connection with the diaphragm(1 may be employed.

In all forms of my invention means are provided for controlling thepassage of gases through the two passages. I have shown such means asconsisting of dampers.

12 represents the damper for controlling the passage for products ofcombustion, and d the damper for controlling the passage for air forcombustion. In some forms of my invention (see Figs. 2, 3, and 4) thedamper b is shown as consisting of a single blade, to which acounterbalance G is connected by spokes g, which construction allows gasto flow between the counterbalance-weight and the shaft of the damper.In other forms of my invention I employ a two-blade damper, either ofwhich blades serves as a counterbalance for the other. Thecounterbalance assists in retaining the damper in fixed position. Inweighting any blade of the damper used in my invention provision is madeto also counterbalance the damper-handles, so that the fixing inposition of the damper may be more efiectually secured. It will be seenfrom the drawings that the damper-blades are curved. The purpose ofcurving the blades is to facilitate a quicker passage of the air and gasover the surface of the blades and through the two passages. The upperpart of the blade of the damper b has a portion of its periphery cutaway to allow of the continuous passage of a small current of theproducts of combustion.

Each damper b d is mounted to swing on a pintle or shaft h, mounted insuitable bearings in the casing of the device, and on either end H ofeach pintleahandle b of any desired construction may be secured in anydesired manner.

b represents an indicating-dial having a ratchet-surface with which ahandle I) coacts. The dial b is separately formed and secured in anydesired manner to the casing of the device.

Whenever a joint is formed in the assembling of the parts which arestationary, it is closed by cement or other desired means.

0 represents a cap or plug which may be removed for cleaning purposes.

In Fig. 7 the device is applied to a horizontally-arranged smoke-flue B.As has been stated, the form of device for this smoke-flue is the sameas shown in Fig. 3. To secure the best results with the use of myinvention in its application to a heating apparatus, I provide adependent conduit or reservoir (1, which is so secured to the device asto be continuous with the passage for air for combustion. This dependentconduit is pervions at its lower end, as indicated at d. The shape ofthe dependent conduit may be varied as found desirable. It may consistmerely of a cylindrical vertical tube, as shown in Figs. 7 to 12,inclusive, or it may be of a bulbous form, as shown in Fig. 3, or it maybe sinuous to conform to obstacles to its ordinary disposition. Thefunctions of the dependent conduit are that of a passage for air forcombustion and as a reservoir for overflow prodnets of combustion fromthe combustionchamber of a heating apparatus. The dependent conduit alsoprovides a means for the products of combustion to act as a cut-off forair for combustion by their entrance therein and to return, throughatmospheric pressure acting upwardly in the dependent conduit, anygaseous products of combustion that may be in the upper portion of thesaid conduit. I have also shown as a chimney checkdraft a seconddependent conduit D which is located between the dependent conduit danda chimney C. The dependent conduit D is provided with adamper D andis pervious at its lower end.

Instead of a dependent conduit D the fine of the chimney may becontinued below the smoke-flue B, as shown in Fig. 8, and a damper 0 maybe provided at the bottom of the flue in the chimney C. In Fig. 8 theform of device introduced in the smoke-flue is that illustrated in Fig.6, and the form of dependent conduit is the same as that shown in Fig.7; but, if desired, the form of dependent conduit shown in Fig. 3 may beused.

Instead of the form of conduit in Fig. 3 other forms of dependentconduits may be used. I wish it understood that in any application of myinvention any form of dependent conduit may be used which will answerthe purposes intended for the dependent conduit and which have beenpreviously described herein.

In Fig. 9 the form of device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is applied to ahorizontal smoke-flue B. The dependent conduit d in this application isprovided with a bend at its upper end in order that it may beconveniently connected with the device T to have its passage continuouswith the passage D in the device. In this form of heating apparatus anair-distributor N may be conveniently employed. This distributor issuitably connected with the device T. As here shown, the distributerconsists of a horizontally-arranged cylinder the wall of which isperforated. It may be of any convenient size and shape and be carried toany part of the combustion-chamher for the purpose of conveying the. airfor combustion and to distribute the same more widely and quickly thanif the air were only allowed to mix with the combustible gases throughdiffusive force.

In Fig. 10 the form of device introduced in the smoke-flue B is the sameas shown in Fig. 6. The heating apparatus A is here shown as beingprovided with a pressure-regulator E, which through suitable connectionsmay I operate either of the dampers b d of the device, as well as theash-pit-door damper a In Fig. 11 the form of device providing a singlecontrolling-damper applied to the heating apparatus is substantiallylike that shown in Fig. 5, the difierence being that the device isintegral with the heating apparatus. The dependent conduit (1 is alsoshown as being integral with the heating apparatus. In

this form also I have shown acheck-draft D 'is of sufficient size topass through it a small amount of air for combustion into a shortconduit D which is connected with the curved passage D into the inlet ofwhich passage is screwed the pipe (1, having an internal caliber equalto that of the air-inlet passage D and which 'pipe, together withthe'inlet-pas sage and short conduit, conveys to the combustion-chamberthe small amount of air described. By having this passage, as well asthe dependent conduit d, of a certain fixed diameter a simple andconvenient equivalent is provided for certain cases where a dependentconduit of larger capacity provided with a controlling-damper isnecessary, as in cases where a large amount of air for combustion isrequired. A

Certain features of the invention herein shown and described, but notherein claimed, form the subject-matter of and are broadly claimed in myapplications, Serial No. 47,492, filed February 15, 1901, and Serial No.86,365, filedDec-ember 18, 1901, although'the species shown, described,and claimed herein is not shown in said applications. These featuresinclude combinations of means for introducing air for combustion intothe gas-retaining upper levels of the combustion-chamber at about wherethe waste products of combustion find their exit. Said means comprise aand for controlling the rate ofpassage of the gaseous productsfrom thecombustion-chamber, and for regulating the amount of air introduced at ahigh level in the combustionchamber, and prescribing the level fromwhich air is received for introduction, and for separately controllingthe chimney-draft, acting through the combustion-chamber, and forindicating the position of and for keeping in position the controllingmeans.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. As an articleof manufacture a T-shaped device for use in connectionwith the combustion-chamber of a heating apparatus and with thesmoke-flue of said apparatus, said T being fusiform or bulbous in shape,capable of being cast in sections, having lugs or other fasteningsintegral therewith for holding such sections together when assembled,providing three circular branch connections of which the two larger arefor connection with a smoke-flue and with the exit-orifice of the saidcombustion-chamber and of which the smaller is for connection with adependent air-conduit, said T having therein separate passages for airfor combustion and for smoke and gaseous products ofcombustion, andmeans for controlling said passages and for deflecting air forcombustion to a combustion-chamber and for facilitating a quick flow ofgases through said T.

2. As an article of manufacture a T-shaped device for attachment to theorifice for the eXit of gaseous products of combustion from acombustion-chamber and with a smoke-flue of a heating apparatus, thesaid T having a fusifortn or bulbous-shaped casing'providing in itscentral internal parts a diameter greater than that of any of itsexternal openings and providing for a smooth and quick fiow of gasestherethrough, said T being formed in sections capable of being cast andhaving provisions for holding together the assembled parts, providingfor three connections, having a passage for air for combustion and apassage for smoke and gas, having dampers for controlling separatelysaid passages, and having means for deflecting a vertically-movingcolumn of air to a combustion-chamber.

3. Asan article of manufacture,a T-shaped device for use. in connectionwith the combustion-chamber and smoke-flue of a heating apparatus, saidT being fusiform or. of

bulbous shape, made ip sections capable of being cast, having provisionsfor holding in position the assembled sections, providing for threeconnections, having a passage for air for combustion and a passage forthe exit of gaseous products of combustion therethrough, having dampersfor separately controlling said passages, and having means fordeflecting and directing and quickening the flow of a current of air forcombustion to a combustion-chamber,and provided with stops closelyadjacent said dampers cast integral with the casing of said T forpreventing the dampers being turned in undesired directions and toprevent peripheral leakage around the dampers.

4. As an article of man ufacture,a T-shaped device for connection with acombustionchamber and a smoke-flue, providing separately connections forsaid chamber, for said fine and for a dependent air-conduit, said Thaving a fusiform bulbous-shaped sectional casing providing for the freesmooth fiow of gases through said T by reason of the provisions of largeinternal space and fusiform surface curvatures due to the form of saidcasing, having a passage for air for combustion and a passage forproducts of combustion, providing dampers for separately controllingsaid passages, and having a partitionwall closely adjacent the dampercontrolling the passage for products of combustion, said wall preventingdrafts between said passages and serving for the direction of air forcombustion to a combustion-chamber.

5. As an article of manufacture,a T-shaped device for introductionbetween a combustion-chamber and a smoke-flue, providing for threeconnections, having a passage for air for combustion and a passage forgaseous products of combustion, having dampers for controllingseparately said passages, and one of said dampers having acounterbalance so disposed as to provide for the passage of gasesbetween said counterbalance and the shaft of the damper to which it isattached.

6. As an article of manufacture,a T-shaped device providing for threeconnections, having a fusiform or bulbous-shaped casing capable of beingcast in sections, having provisions for holding the assembled sectionstogether by the use of bolts or other fastenings, having separately apassage for air for combustion and a passage for products of combustion,said device being provided with dampers having blades so disposed as tocontrol each of said passages and in connection with said casing to helpby deflection,a quick smooth flow of gases through said device.

7. As an article of manufacture, a threebranched T-shaped device for usein connection with a combustion chamber and a smoke-flue, comprising afusiforin bulbousshaped sectional casing and means for holding togethersaid casing, a partition diaphragm for forming two passages in said T,one for air for combustion, and one for gaseous products of combustion,means for controlling said passages, and means for indicating theposition of and holding in fixed positions said controlling means.

8. In combination with a combustion-chamber, a chimney,a smoke-flue,adependent conduit for air for combustion, a three-branched T devicehaving a fusitorm bulbous-shaped casing capable of being cast insections and providingthrough such shapefora smooth and quick flow ofgases therethrough and having a passage for conveying air for combustionto a combustion-chamber and a passage providing for the exittherethrough of gaseous products of combustion toward said chimney,means for controlling the flow of gases through said passages, and meansexternal to said casing for indicating the position of and retaining insaid position said controlling means, said external means comprising adial having a ratchet-surface and a handle and pointer coacting withsaid dial.

9. As an article of manufacture and in combination with the smoke-flueof a heating or power-producing apparatus and with a means forintroducing air for combustion into the internal parts of acombustion-chamber and securing a quick distribution and admixture ofsaid air with volatilized gases in said combustion-chamber, a T-shapeddevice having a fusiform bulbous-shaped casing and providing means forthe passage of air for combustion and for gaseous products of combustiontherethrough in separate currents,means for regulating the quantity ofair and said products passing therethrough,saidT-shaped device beingindependent of the means for the distribution of air in saidcombustion-cham her but providing for a connection therewith, said Thaving means for deflecting said air for combustion to saidcombustion-chamber, said T being provided with means for connecting thesame with the smoke-flue, with the said combustion-chamber and with adependent air-conduit, said device being adapted for the best carryingout of its special functions when located closely adjacent saidcombustion-chamber.

10. As an article of manufacture adapted for use in combination with thecombustionchamber and smoke-flue of a heating apparatus and with adependent conduit, a T- shaped device comprising a bulbous or fusiformcasing capable of being cast in sections, three branches for suitableconnections including provision for being located closely adjacent tothe higher levels of the cavities of said combustion chamber, means forthe passage of air for combustion and for products of combustiontherethrough in two separate passages, means for the connection of theair-passage with said dependent conduit,said conduit being of sufiicientlength to prevent gaseous products of combustion from being emitted fromits lower end,means for the deflection of air for combustion into thehigher levels of the cavities of said combustion-chamber, means forregulating the amount of air for combustion passing through said device,means for holding in position and for indicating the position of saidregulating means, and means for holding back in the upper levels of saidapparatus the volatilized products of combustion and the introduced nameto this specification in the presence of air for combustion and forcontrolling the two subscribing Witnesses.

amount of air introduced and for adjusting the amount of air introducedin proper pro- JOSEPH KITCHEN 5 portion to varying intensity of draftcondi- Witnesses:

tions acting through said apparatus. GEO. E. GRUSE,

In testimony whereof I have signed my J OS. P. MCELDUFF.

